世界：ジャガイモの休眠性の違いの60.3％は品種の違いによるものであることが、537品種の研究で判明
主要な取り組み
- 60.3% of dormancy variation is explained by the variety
- 537 varieties and 3,379 trial records were analysed
- 155 days: shortest dormancy in AHDB trial (King Edward)
- 264 days: longest dormancy in AHDB trial (Desiree)
重要性
- 農家向け
- Plan store outloading order by variety dormancy and check sprouts more often in lots grown in a hot, dry season
- プロセッサ向け
- Ask for variety and growing-season data on stored lots to predict which will sprout first and schedule intake
- トレーダー向け
- Factor variety dormancy into late-season contracts, since short-dormancy lots may need earlier sale or more treatment
- サプライヤー向け
- Tailor sprout suppression programmes to variety dormancy class instead of one schedule for all lots
60秒の要約
Picking the right variety does more to delay sprouting in store than any single season or site factor. An analysis of 537 varieties attributed about three fifths of dormancy variation to genetics, far ahead of year and location, and a simple model using variety class plus summer heat forecast sprouting to within roughly two weeks. British trials at 15°C found a gap of more than 100 days between the shortest and longest dormancy among 39 varieties, yet the same variety could shift by up to 47 days between farms. Rankings also moved between seasons. For store managers, this supports ordering sales by variety dormancy while checking sprouts often after hot, dry summers, which shorten rest. Buyers of long-season stocks should factor this in. The British results come from warm test storage, not commercial cold stores, so absolute days will differ in practice.
Sprouting in store begins when tuber dormancy ends. How long dormancy lasts depends first of all on the variety. A study in the journal Field Crops Research, published on 15 March 2022, measured this effect.
The authors used 3,379 records from trials with 537 potato varieties over several years and locations. The variety explained 60.3% of the variation in dormancy. The year explained 13.9% and the location 5.4%.
The team tested about 250 possible predictors. The best model used just two: the variety class and the sum of daily maximum air temperatures from planting to harvest. It predicted dormancy with a validation precision of 14.59 days, the authors reported.
平日のみ配信。ワンクリックで配信停止。
British storage trials
The levy board AHDB funded dormancy ranking trials at Sutton Bridge Crop Storage Research. An interim report from July 2020 covered 39 varieties for fresh, chip and crisp markets. Tubers were held at 15°C and 95% relative humidity. Sprouting was recorded when a sprout reached 3 mm.
In that season, the shortest dormancy was 155 days from tuber initiation, in this variety: King Edward. The longest was 264 days, in this variety: Desiree. For the same varieties, dormancy differed by 0 to 47 days between growing sites.
The project ran from October 2018 to September 2021. Rankings were not always stable between years. About 40% of varieties were within a 10% difference in dormancy between trial years 1 and 2. The share was 25% between years 2 and 3, and 67% between years 1 and 3.
A research review for AHDB from December 2021 puts the range for commercial varieties at 2–3 months up to 8 months, with Russet Burbank at the long end when stored at 6–8°C. High temperatures, low soil moisture and low soil fertility during tuber growth shorten the dormant period, the review said. Immature tubers also have a shorter dormancy.
重要性
Sprout control has become harder since the loss of the sprout suppressant CIPC in Europe. A variety with long natural dormancy needs fewer treatments in store. That saves money and reduces residue risk.
Store managers can use variety rankings to plan which lots to sell first. But the data also show that a hot, dry season can cut dormancy. So rankings are a guide, not a guarantee. Regular sprout checks remain necessary, especially for crops grown in hot conditions.
Photo: Sprouted potato tubers after long storage (illustrative). Spiritia / ウィキメディア·コモンズ, CC BY-SA 4.0
世界のジャガイモ事情
主要ニュース5件、価格情報、疾病警報、イベント情報。平日の午前中、広告なし。
ソース
- Field Crops Research — Prediction of potato sprouting during storage (Visse-Mansiaux et al., 15 March 2022) — https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378429021003427
- AHDB — Understanding dormancy rankings of potato (project 11140058, 2018–2021) — https://potatoes.ahdb.org.uk/11140058-dormancy-rankings-in-potato
- AHDB / SBCSR — Interim report: Potato variety dormancy ranking trial 2019-20 (July 2020) — https://projectblue.blob.core.windows.net/media/Default/Potato%20knowledge%20library/S1058%20Dormancy%20Interim%20Project%20Report%202019-20.pdf
- AHDB Research Review — Potato tuber dormancy (December 2021) — https://projectbluearchive.blob.core.windows.net/media/Default/Research%20Papers/Potatoes/Storage/11140058%20Review%202021.pdf
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